Creative Work Environments and Employee Engagement: Exploring Potential Links and Possibilities

Authors

  • Tracy Stanley School of Management, QUT Business School, Queensland University of Technology
  • Paul Davidson School of Management, QUT Business School, Queensland University of Technology
  • Judy Matthews School of Management, QUT Business School, Queensland University of Technology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15678/ZNUEK.2014.0933.0903

Keywords:

work environments, creative behaviours, employee engagement, teams

Abstract

Companies that perform well are often identified as either possessing creative work environments and (or) having high levels of employee engagement. Creative work environments are largely not well defined, although research alludes to contributing factors. On the other hand employee engagement is defined as the multiple emotional, rational and behavioural dimensions of an employee's consistent level of effort, commitment and connection to their job. Some authors including Saks (2006) and Shuck and Wollard (2010) call for more scholarly research to increase our understanding of the drivers of employee engagement and the actions that organisations can take to improve engagement. There are references made in the literature to the existence of a relationship between a creative work environment and engaged employees (Isaksen & Ekvall 2010), but there is a lack of empirical evidence providing support for the direct relationship between the two. This study aims to explore the relationship, addressing the question of how a creative work environment impacts on employee engagement. Exploratory research to investigate this relationship will use a qualitative methodology with semi-structured interviews, field observations and document analysis. Key themes will be analysed at both the individual and team level reflecting the multi-level nature of the constructs.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abbey A., Dickson J. W. (1983), R&D Work Climate and Innovation in Semiconductors, "Academy of Management Journal", 26(2): 362-368, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/255984. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/255984

Amabile T. M. (1988), A Model of Creativity and Innovation in Organisations, "Research in Organizational Behavior", vol. 10(1): 123-167.

Amabile T. M., Conti R., Coon H., Lazenby J., Herron M. (1996), Assessing the Work Environment for Creativity, "The Academy of Management Journal", 39(5): 1154-1184, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256995

http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256995. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/256995

Amabile T. M., Gryskiewicz N. D. (1989), The Creative Environment Scales: Work Environment Inventory, "Creativity Research Journal", December 2012: 37-41, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10400418909534321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10400418909534321

Amabile T. M., Gryskiewicz S. S. (1987), Creativity in the R&D Laboratory, Center for Creative Leadership, Greensboro.

Amabile T. M., Hadley C. N., Kramer S. J. (2002), Creativity under the Gun, "Industry Week", 80(8): 52-61.

Amabile T. M., Khaire M. (2008), Creativity and the Role of the Leader, "Harvard Business Reviev", October.

Amabile T., Mueller J. S. (2008), Studying Creativity, Its Processes, and Its Antecedents (in:) Handbook of Organizational Creativity, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, New York.

Ancona D. G., Caldwell D. F. (1992), Demography and Design: Predictors of New Product Team Performance, "Organization Science", 3(3): 321-341, http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.3.3.321. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.3.3.321

Andrews J., Smith D. C. (1996), In Search of the Marketing Imagination: Factors Affecting the Creativity of Marketing Programs for Mature Products, "Journal of Marketing Research", 33(2): 174-187, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3152145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002224379603300205

Andriopoulos C. (2001), Determinants of Organisational Creativity: A Literature Review, "Management Decision", 39(10): 834-841, http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251740110402328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740110402328

Briscoe D., Schuler R. (2013), International Human Resource Management, Taylor and Francis, Hoboken. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203816189

Buchanan L. (2004), The Things They Do for Love, vol. 82: 19, "Harvard Business Review".

Christian M. S., Garza A. S., Slaughter J. E. (2011), Work Engagement: A Quantitative Review and Test of Its Relations with Task and Contextual Performance, "Personnel Psychology", 64(1): 89-136, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01203.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01203.x

Corporate Leadership Council (2004), Driving Performance and Retention through Employee Engagement, Research Summary, Corporate Executive Board.

Csikszentmihalyi M. (1997), Flow and the Psychology of Discovery and Invention, Harper Perennial, New York.

De Dreu C. K. W., West M. A. (2001), Minority Dissent and Team Innovation: The Importance of Participation in Decision Making, "Journal of Applied Psychology", 86(6): 1191-1201. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.86.6.1191

Dewett T. (2004), Employee Creativity and the Role of Risk, "European Journal of Innovation Management", 7(4): 257-266, http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14601060410565010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/14601060410565010

Dougherty D., Hardy C. (1996), Sustained Product Innovation in Large, Mature Organizations: Overcoming Innovation-to-organization Problems, "Academy of Management Journal", 39(5): 1120-1153, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256994. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256994

Dowling P., Welch D. E. (2006), International Human Resource Management: Managing People in a Multinational Context, Thomson/South-Western, Mason, Ohio.

Drucker P. F., Drucker P. F. (2007), Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Practice and Principles, Routledge.

Easterby-Smith M. (1994), Evaluating Management Development, Training and Education, Gower, Brookfield, ERIC.

Easterby-Smith M., Thorpe R., Lowe A. (1991), Management Research: An Introduction, Sage Publications, London.

Edmondson A., McManus S. E. (2005), A Note on Methodological Fit in Management Field Research, Harvard Business School Publishing, Boston, MA.

Edmondson A. C., Mogelof J. P. (2006), Explaining Psychological Safety in Innovation Teams: Organizational Culture, Team Dynamics, or Personality? (in:) L. Thompson, H. Choi (eds), Creativity and Innovation in Organizational Teams, Lawrence Erlbaum Associated Press, Mahwah, NJ: 109-136.

Edmondson A. C., Schein E. H. (2012), Teaming: How Organizations Learn, Innovate, and Compete in the Knowledge Economy, Jossey-Bass.

Eisenhardt K. M. (1989), Building Theories from Case Study Research, "Academy of Management Review", 14(4): 532-550, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/258557. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1989.4308385

Fleming J. H., Asplund J. (2007), Human Sigma: Managing the Employee-customer Encounter, Gallup Press, New York.

Gallup (2010), The State of the Global Workplace: A Worldwide Study of Employee Engagement and Well-being: 36.

George J. M., Zhou J. (2001), When Openness to Experience and Conscientiousness Are Related to Creative Behavior: An Interactional Approach, "Journal of Applied Psychology", 86(3): 513-524, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.86.3.513. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.86.3.513

Gibson C., Vermeulen F. (2003), A Healthy Divide: Subgroups as a Stimulus for Team Learning Behavior, "Administrative Science Quarterly", 48(2): 202-239, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3556657. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3556657

Gremler D. D. (2004), The Critical Incident Technique in Service Research, "Journal of Service Research", 7(1): 65-89, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094670504266138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670504266138

Gremler D. D., Gwinner K. P. (2008), Rapport-building Behaviors Used by Retail Employees, "Journal of Retailing", 84(3): 308-324, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2008.07.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2008.07.001

Hackman J. R., Oldham G. R. (1974), The Job Diagnostic Survey: An Instrument for the Diagnosis of Jobs and the Evaluation of Job Redesign Projects, Yale University, Department of Administrative Sciences, New Haven, Conn. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/t02285-000

Harter J. K., Schmidt F. L., Hayes T. L. (2002), Business-unit-level Relationship between Employee Satisfaction, Employee Engagement, and Business Outcomes: A Meta-

-analysis, "The Journal of Applied Psychology", 87(2): 268-279, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.87.2.268. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.87.2.268

Hennessey B. A., Amabile T. M. (2010), Creativity, "Annual Review of Psychology", 61(1): 569-598, http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100416. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100416

Isaksen S. G., Akkermans H. J. (2011), Creative Climate: A Leadership Lever for Innovation, "The Journal of Creative Behavior", 45(3): 161-187. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2162-6057.2011.tb01425.x

Isaksen S. G., Ekvall G. (2010), Managing for Innovation: The Two Faces of Tension in Creative Climates, "Creativity and Innovation Management", 19(2): 73-88, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2162-6057.2011.tb01425.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8691.2010.00558.x

Isaksen S. G., Lauer K. J., Ekvall G., Britz A. (2001), Perceptions of the Best and Worst Climates for Creativity: Preliminary Validation Evidence for the Situational Outlook Questionnaire, "Creativity Research Journal", 13: 171-184, http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15326934CRJ1302_5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326934CRJ1302_5

Jehn K. A. (1995), A Multimethod Examination of the Benefits and Detriments of Intragroup Conflict, "Administrative Science Quarterly", 40(2): 256-282, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2393638. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2393638

Judge T. A., Thoresen C. J., Bono J. E., Patton G. K. (2001), The Job Satisfaction-Job Performance Relationship: A Qualitative and Quantitative Review, "Psychological Bulletin", 127(3): 376-407, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.127.3.376. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.127.3.376

Jung D. I. (2001), Transformational and Transactional Leadership and Their Effects on Creativity in Groups, "Creativity Research Journal", 13(2): 185-195, http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15326934CRJ1302_6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1207/S15326934CRJ1302_6

Kahn W. A. (1990), Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disengagement at Work, "Academy of Management Journal", 33(4): 692-724, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256287. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256287

Kanter R. M. (1983), Change Masters: Innovations for Productivity in the American Corporation, Simon & Schuster, New York.

King N., Anderson N. (1990), Innovation in Working Groups (in:) M. A. West, J. L. Farr (eds), Innovation and Creativity at Work: Psychological and Organizational Strategies, London.

Macey W. H., Schneider B. (2008), The Meaning of Employee Engagement, "Industrial and Organizational Psychology", 1(1): 3-30, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007.0002.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2007.0002.x

May D. R., Gilson R. L., Harter L. M. (2004), The Psychological Conditions of Meaningfulness, Safety and Availability and the Engagement of the Human Spirit at Work, "Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology", 77(1): 11-37, http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/096317904322915892. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1348/096317904322915892

Monge P. R., Cozzens M. D., Contractor N. S. (1992), Communication and Motivational Predictors of the Dynamics of Organizational Innovation, "Organization Science", 3(2): 250-274, http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.3.2.250. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.3.2.250

Mumford M. D. (2000), Managing Creative People: Strategies and Tactics for Innovation, "Human Resource Management Review", 10(3): 313-351, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(99)00043-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1053-4822(99)00043-1

Mumford M. D., Gustafson S. B. (1988), Creativity Syndrome: Integration, Application, and Innovation, "Psychological Bulletin", 103(1): 27-43, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.103.1.27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.103.1.27

Mumford M. D., Scott G. M., Gaddis B., Strange J. M. (2002), Leading Creative People: Orchestrating Expertise and Relationships, "The Leadership Quarterly", 13(6): 705-750, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(02)00158-3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1048-9843(02)00158-3

Oldham G. R., Cummings A. (1996), Employee Creativity: Personal and Contextual Factors at Work, "Academy of Management Journal", 39(3): 607-634, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256657. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256657

Pelled L. H. (1996), Demographic Diversity, Conflict, and Work Group Outcomes: An Intervening Process Theory, "Organization Science", 7(6): 615-631, http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.7.6.615. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.7.6.615

Perry-Smith J. E. (2006), Social Yet Creative: The Role of Social Relationships in Facilitating Individual Creativity, "Academy of Management Journal", 49(1): 85-101, http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2006.20785503. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2006.20785503

Pink D. H. (2011), Drive: The Surprising Truth about What Motivates Us, Penguin.

Porter M. E. (1990), The Competitive Advantage of Nations, "Harvard Business Review", 68(2): 73-93, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cir.3880010112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-11336-1_2

Ramamoorthy N., Flood P. C., Slattery T., Sardessai R. (2005), Determinants of Innovative Work Behaviour: Development and Test of an Integrated Model, "Creativity and Innovation Management", 14(2): 142-150, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8691.2005.00334.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8691.2005.00334.x

Resick C. J., Baltes B. B., Shantz C. W. (2007), Person-organization Fit and Work-

-related Attitudes and Decisions: Examining Interactive Effects with Job Fit and Conscientiousness, "Journal of Applied Psychology", 92(5): 1446, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.5.1446. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.5.1446

Robertson I., Cooper C. (2011), Well-being: Productivity and Happiness at Work, Palgrave MacMillan, London. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230306738

Robinson D., Perryman S., Hayday S. (2004), The Drivers of Employee Engagement, Institute for Employment Studies, Brighton.

Saks A. M. (2006), Antecedents and Consequences of Employee Engagement, "Journal of Managerial Psychology", 21(7): 600-619, http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940610690169

Schneider B., Ehrhart M. G., Mayer D. M., Saltz J. L., Niles-Jolly K. (2005), Understanding Organization-customer Links in Service Settings, "Academy of Management Journal", 48(6): 1017-1032, http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2005.19573107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2005.19573107

Scott S. G., Bruce R. A. (1994), Determinants of Innovative Behavior: A Path Model of Individual Innovation in the Workplace, "Academy of Management Journal", 37(3): 580-607, http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256701. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256701

Shalley C. E., Gilson L. L. (2004), What Leaders Need to Know: A Review of Social and Contextual Factors That Can Foster or Hinder Creativity, "The Leadership Quarterly", 15(1): 33-53, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.12.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.12.004

Shuck B. M., Rocco T. S., Albornoz C. A. (2011), Exploring Employee Engagement from the Employee Perspective: Implications for HRD, "Journal of European Industrial Training", 35(4): 300-325, http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03090591111128306. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/03090591111128306

Shuck B., Reio T. G., Rocco T. S. (2011), Employee Engagement: An Examination of Antecedent and Outcome Variables, "Human Resource Development International", 14(4): 427-445, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2011.601587. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13678868.2011.601587

Shuck B., Wollard K. (2010), Employee Engagement and HRD: A Seminal Review of the Foundations, "Human Resource Development Review", 9(1): 89-110, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534484309353560. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484309353560

Smith M., Busi M., Ball P., Van Der Meer R. (2008), Factors Influencing an Organisation's Ability to Manage Innovation: A Structured Literature Review and Conceptual Model, "International Journal of Innovation Management", 12(4): 655-676,

http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S1363919608002138. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919608002138

Taylor A., Greve H. R. (2006), Superman or the Fantastic Four? Knowledge Combination and Experience in Innovative Teams, "Academy of Management Journal", 49(4): 723-740, http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2006.22083029. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2006.22083029

Thompson L. L., Choi H.-S. (2005), Creativity and Innovation in Organizational Teams, Psychology Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410615732

Tierney P., Farmer S. M., Graen G. B. (1999), An Examination of Leadership and Employee Creativity: The Relevance of Traits and Relationships, "Personnel Psychology", 52(3): 591-620, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1999.tb00173.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1999.tb00173.x

Tjosvold D. (1982), Effects of Approach to Controversy on Superiors' Incorporation of Subordinates' Information in Decision Making, "Journal of Applied Psychology", 67(2): 189-193, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.67.2.189. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1037//0021-9010.67.2.189

Wagner R., Harter J. K. (2006), 12: The Elements of Great Managing, Gallup Press, New York.

Woodman R. W., Sawyer J. E., Griffin R. W. (1993), Toward a Theory of Organizational Creativity, "Academy of Management Review", 18(2): 293-321, http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/AMR.1993.3997517. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1993.3997517

Yin R. K. (2009), Case Study Research: Design and Methods, Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA.

Zigarmi D., Nimon K., Houson D., Witt D., Diehl J. (2009), Beyond Engagement: Toward a Framework and Operational Definition for Employee Work Passion, "Human Resource Development Review", 8(3): 300-326, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534484309338171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484309338171

Downloads

Published

02-12-2015

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Stanley, T., Davidson, P., & Matthews, J. (2015). Creative Work Environments and Employee Engagement: Exploring Potential Links and Possibilities. Krakow Review of Economics and Management Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego W Krakowie, 9(933), 33-51. https://doi.org/10.15678/ZNUEK.2014.0933.0903