An Axiomatic Analysis of John Rawls’ Distributive Justice in the Arrow-Debreu Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15678/ZNUEK.2014.0929.0502Keywords:
distributive justice, John Rawls, the difference principle, leximinAbstract
The paper presents the concept of John Rawls’ distributive justice and its axiomatic analysis in a market economy represented by a Debreu economy with private property. The interpersonal comparisons introduced allow for the designation of the least advantaged individuals and for the rules to be defined for the difference principle. This principle is then generalised to the leximin. The defined relationships of justice, independent of the state economy, characterise the model of the economy. This allows for the construction of multi-range relational systems with characteristics specifically defined. Suitable defined extensions of systems and their characteristics illustrate Schumpeter’s evolutionary economics. In this perspective, we may ask what conditions guarantee the preservation of the defined relationships of distributive justice. The answer may be found in the cumulative extension of a Debreu economy corresponding to Schumpeterian circular flow. The innovative changes, which are the basis for economic development, while sustaining cumulativity, preserve the level of justice in the sense of the difference principle and increase the level of justice in the sense of leximin.
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